No. 1005 - The economic impact of artificial intelligence: evidence from Italian firms
This paper examines the diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) among Italian firms with at least 50 employees, operating in industry and non-financial private services, and assesses its effects on productivity, profitability, workforce composition, pricing policies and inflation expectations. The analysis combines data from Banca d'Italia's Survey on Inflation and Growth Expectations with balance sheet information and administrative data on workers.
In 2024, just over 10 per cent of firms reported using AI, while about one third expected to adopt it within the following two years. The results indicate that AI adoption increases labour productivity and profitability and leads to a reallocation of employment toward higher-skilled occupations, without yielding negative effects on overall employment. Adopting firms also expect more moderate increases in their own selling prices, consistent with efficiency gains, and foresee lower medium- to long-term inflation.
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12 March 2026
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