No. 1508 - Working from home and labour productivity: firm-level evidence

Temi di discussione (Working papers)
by Gaetano Basso, Davide Dottori and Sara Formai
November 2025
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The Covid-19 pandemic triggered a significant shift towards the work-from-home (WFH), a working arrangement that had previously seen limited adoption among Italian firms. This study, based on data from Banca d'Italia's Survey of Industrial and Service Firms (Invind), examines the evolution of WFH use between 2019 and 2023 and the impact it had on labour productivity and its components: revenues and labour input.

Although the use of WFH declined following the most critical phases of the pandemic, it remained at higher levels than those observed in 2019. On average, WFH did not have a significant impact on labour productivity or its components. However, a subset of firms experienced a positive effect on productivity, which was associated with a more persistent adoption of remote work practices even after the end of the pandemic.

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  1. 18 November 2025
    No. 1508 - Working from home and labour productivity: firm-level evidence
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