In accordance with the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), the Bank of Italy may be called upon to intervene on the foreign exchange (FX) market together with the other national central banks (NCBs) and the European Central Bank (ECB). It may also intervene within the framework of the Exchange Rate Mechanism II (ERM II), which sets out the rules for the cooperation in exchange rate policies between the ECB and the NCBs of EU Member States that have not adopted the euro.
In addition, it may carry out foreign exchange transactions to modify the composition of its foreign currency reserves, for activities related to the servicing of Italy's foreign currency debt, and based on the agreements with the International Monetary Fund.
The Bank of Italy monitors the FX market continuously and analyses the performance of the main currencies, using information provided by the main news agencies and market participants. It publishes daily the euro foreign exchange reference rates and, on the Exchange Rates Portal, the exchange rate quotations for all the currencies with ISO code against the euro and the US dollar. On the same portal, in compliance with the applicable law, the Bank of Italy also makes available the average monthly and yearly exchange rates to be used for tax purposes, which are published in the Official Journal of the Italian Republic by the Ministry for the Economy and Finance.
The Bank of Italy adheres to the principles of the Foreign Exchange Global Code of Conduct (FX Global Code).