Stefano Neri was born in Florence on August 11, 1970. He studied economics at the University of Florence, where he graduated with honours in 1996. He obtained a Master's degree in Economics with honours in 1997 at Coripe Piemonte and a PhD in Economics and Finance with honours in 2003 at the 'Pompeu Fabra' University in Barcelona, under the supervision of Professor Fabio Canova. During his PhD, he benefited from a scholarship from the Cesifin Foundation in Florence.

He has been working at Banca d'Italia since 2000, when he was assigned to the Monetary Analysis Unit of the then Research Department, where he was involved in analysis and research on the monetary policy of the European Central Bank. In 2005-2006, he was a visiting researcher at Harvard University. In 2007, he became Head of the Strategy and Monetary Stance sector of the Monetary Analysis Division, and then became Head of this Division in August 2013. In February 2017, he was appointed Deputy Head of the Economic Outlook and Monetary Policy Directorate, a position he held until June 2023, when he was appointed Head of Directorate.

He has authored several articles and papers on monetary policy and its transmission mechanism, on inflation and inflation expectations, as well as on vector autoregressive and general equilibrium models. His numerous publications are available at: https://ideas.repec.org/e/pne173.html and on his homepage: https://sites.google.com/view/stefano-neri/home.