The European Union (EU), the result of the European integration process that began in 1957 with the Treaty of Rome, today comprises 27 countries. The main EU institutions are: the Council of the European Union (formerly known as the Council of Ministers) which is the main decision-making body; the European Parliament which shares powers with the Council for passing laws and approving the budget; and the European Commission which is the main executive body.
The decisions of the Council are prepared by numerous committees and working parties made up of representatives of the member countries. The Bank of Italy participates in some of these committees and working parties dealing with economic and financial matters amongst which the Economic and Financial Committee, the Economic Policy Committee, and the Committee of European Banking Supervisors.
The European Central Bank (ECB) is also a European institution, implementing the monetary policy of the countries that have adopted the euro. The Bank of Italy contributes to monetary policy decision-making through the participation of the Governor on the ECB's Governing Council and - as part of the Eurosystem - contributes to the day-to-day management of monetary policy.